Fire blight is a contagious disease affecting apples, pears, and some other members of the family Rosaceae. It is a serious concern to apple and pear producers. Under optimal conditions, it can destroy an entire orchard in a single growing season. Therefore, the necessary intensity of control programs will vary considerably for different plantings and in different years, depending on individual orchard factors and weather conditions

Downy mildew is a highly destructive disease of grapevines in all grape-growing areas of the world where there is spring and summer rainfall at temperatures above 10ºC (50ºF). In 1885, P.M.A. Millardet first used Bordeaux mixture (copper sulfate and lime) to control downy mildew in the vineyards of France, beginning the chemical era of disease control

Shot hole, or Coryneum blight, is a serious disease of almonds, apricots, nectarines, peaches, and other Prunus species in California. Reddish or purplish brown spots about 0.10 inch in diameter occur on new leaves and shoots. The spots expand and their centers turn brown. Tiny, dark specks sometimes form in the center of lesions, especially on leaves

Citrus canker can be a serious disease where rainfall and warm temperatures are frequent during periods of shoot emergence and early fruit development. This is especially the case where tropical storms are prevalent. Citrus canker is mostly a leaf-spotting and fruit rind-blemishing disease